The Luna program is a series of Soviet space missions launched between 1959 and 1976, aimed at exploring the Moon. It included various spacecraft that conducted flybys, orbited, and landed on the lunar surface, providing valuable data about the Moon's composition and geography. Notable missions within the Luna program include Luna 2, the first human-made object to reach the Moon, and Luna 9, which achieved the first successful soft landing. The program significantly advanced our understanding of lunar science and paved the way for future exploration, including the Apollo program.