Lowercase refers to the smaller form of letters in the alphabet, as opposed to uppercase letters, which are larger and often used to signify the beginning of sentences or proper nouns. For example, the letter "a" is lowercase, while "A" is uppercase. Lowercase letters are commonly used in everyday writing, making text easier to read and understand. In typography, lowercase letters are essential for creating a natural flow in written language. They are used in various contexts, including digital communication, books, and signage. The use of lowercase can also affect the tone of a message, often making it feel more casual and approachable compared to uppercase letters, which can convey emphasis or urgency.