Louis VIII of France, also known as Louis the Lion, was the King of France from 1223 until his death in 1226. He was born on September 5, 1187, and was the son of Philip II of France. Louis VIII is known for his efforts to strengthen the French monarchy and expand its territories, particularly in Languedoc. During his short reign, Louis VIII focused on consolidating royal power and supporting the Cathar Crusade against the Cathar heretics in southern France. His reign was marked by military campaigns and the establishment of royal authority, laying the groundwork for future French kings. He died on November 8, 1226, and was succeeded by his son, Louis IX of France.