Louis Philippe was a French king who ruled from 1830 to 1848. He came to power after the July Revolution, which overthrew the Bourbon monarchy. Known as the "Citizen King," he was a member of the House of Orléans and promoted a constitutional monarchy, emphasizing the importance of the middle class in France. During his reign, Louis Philippe faced various challenges, including economic issues and social unrest. His government became increasingly unpopular, leading to the February Revolution of 1848, which ultimately forced him to abdicate. He then went into exile, marking the end of the July Monarchy and the beginning of the Second Republic in France.