Lotharingia was a historical region in medieval Europe, formed after the Treaty of Verdun in 843. It encompassed parts of modern-day France, Germany, Belgium, and Netherlands. The region was named after Lothair I, one of the grandsons of Charlemagne, who ruled over it. Lotharingia was characterized by its diverse culture and political fragmentation. Over time, Lotharingia faced challenges from neighboring powers and underwent several territorial changes. By the late Middle Ages, it gradually split into smaller duchies and counties, such as Lorraine and Luxembourg. The region's legacy continues to influence the cultural and political landscape of Western Europe today.