Lord Kelvin, born William Thomson in 1824, was a prominent British physicist and engineer known for his work in thermodynamics and electrical engineering. He is best known for formulating the absolute temperature scale, which is now called the Kelvin scale. His contributions laid the groundwork for modern physics and engineering. In addition to his work on temperature, Lord Kelvin made significant advancements in the fields of telegraphy and oceanography. He was a key figure in the development of the first transatlantic telegraph cable and conducted important research on heat and energy conservation. His legacy continues to influence science and technology today.