Loop control refers to the mechanisms that manage the execution of loops in programming. Loops allow a set of instructions to be repeated multiple times until a specific condition is met. Common types of loops include for loops, while loops, and do-while loops, each serving different purposes based on the requirements of the code. In loop control, conditions are evaluated to determine whether to continue or exit the loop. Control statements like break and continue can alter the flow within loops, allowing for more complex behaviors. Proper loop control is essential for efficient programming and preventing issues like infinite loops.