Lone wolf terrorism refers to violent acts committed by individuals who operate independently, rather than as part of a larger group or organization. These individuals often have personal motivations, such as political, ideological, or religious beliefs, and may be inspired by extremist ideologies. They typically plan and execute attacks on their own, making it challenging for authorities to detect and prevent such incidents. Unlike organized terrorist groups, lone wolves may not have direct connections to any specific terrorist organization. Their actions can be unpredictable and vary widely in scale and impact, ranging from small-scale attacks to mass violence, which complicates law enforcement efforts to address this form of terrorism.