A logical statement is a sentence that can be classified as either true or false, but not both. These statements are fundamental in the field of mathematics and computer science, as they form the basis for reasoning and problem-solving. Examples include simple assertions like "The sky is blue" or "2 + 2 = 4." Logical statements can be combined using logical operators such as AND, OR, and NOT to create more complex expressions. These combinations help in constructing arguments and analyzing conditions in various scenarios, making them essential tools in disciplines like philosophy and programming.