A Log-Structured File System (LFS) is a type of file system designed to optimize write operations by recording changes in a sequential log. Instead of updating files in place, it appends new data to the end of a log, which improves performance, especially for workloads with many write operations. This approach helps in reducing fragmentation and allows for efficient use of disk space. When the log becomes full, the system performs a process called garbage collection to reclaim space by consolidating and organizing the data. This method enhances read performance and ensures that the file system remains efficient over time, making it suitable for applications with high write demands.