A lithograph is a printing technique that involves creating images on a flat surface, typically a stone or metal plate. The artist draws an image using a greasy substance, which is then treated with a chemical solution. When ink is applied, it adheres only to the greasy areas, allowing for the reproduction of the original drawing. This method is known for its ability to produce fine details and rich textures. Lithography was invented in 1796 by Alois Senefelder, a German playwright and actor. It became popular in the 19th century for producing art prints, posters, and illustrations. Today, lithographs are still used by artists and in commercial printing, showcasing the technique's enduring appeal.