Literary theory is the study of the nature of literature, its functions, and its interpretation. It provides frameworks for analyzing texts, helping readers understand how meaning is constructed and conveyed. Various approaches, such as formalism, structuralism, and postmodernism, offer different perspectives on how to engage with literature. These theories explore elements like language, culture, and historical context, influencing how we perceive and critique literary works. By applying these theories, readers can uncover deeper meanings and appreciate the complexities of texts, enhancing their overall reading experience.