Theoretical approaches refer to frameworks or models used to understand and analyze various phenomena in fields such as psychology, sociology, and economics. These approaches provide structured ways to interpret data, predict outcomes, and explain behaviors or events. Common theoretical approaches include behaviorism, which focuses on observable behaviors, and cognitive theory, which emphasizes mental processes. In research, theoretical approaches guide the formulation of hypotheses and the design of studies. They help researchers identify relevant variables and establish relationships between them. By applying these frameworks, scholars can build upon existing knowledge and contribute to the development of their respective fields.