Literary hoaxes are works of literature that are intentionally created to deceive readers or critics. These can include fake manuscripts, forged letters, or even entirely fabricated authors. Often, they challenge the boundaries of authenticity and raise questions about the nature of authorship and literary value. Famous examples of literary hoaxes include the Sokal Affair, where a physicist submitted a nonsensical paper to a cultural studies journal, and the James Frey controversy, where the memoir "A Million Little Pieces" was revealed to contain fabricated elements. Such hoaxes can spark debates about truth in literature and the responsibilities of both writers and publishers.