Linux variants, also known as distributions or distros, are different versions of the Linux operating system. Each variant is built around the core Linux kernel but includes its own set of software, user interface, and package management systems. Popular variants include Ubuntu, Fedora, and Debian, each catering to different user needs and preferences. These variants can be tailored for various purposes, such as general use, server management, or specialized tasks like programming and multimedia production. Users can choose a variant based on factors like ease of use, community support, and available software, making Linux a versatile choice for many computing environments.