Linguistic case is a grammatical category that indicates the role of a noun or pronoun in a sentence. It helps clarify relationships between words, such as who is doing the action and who is receiving it. Different languages have various cases, which can include nominative, accusative, and genitive, among others. In languages like Latin or Russian, the form of a word changes depending on its case. For example, in English, we primarily use word order to convey meaning, while in German, the case system is more prominent, affecting articles and adjectives as well.