Liliʻuokalani was the last reigning monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi, serving from 1891 until 1893. Born on September 2, 1838, she was a talented musician and composer, known for her song "Aloha ʻOe." Her reign faced significant challenges, including political pressure from American interests and the growing influence of the United States in Hawaiʻi. In January 1893, Liliʻuokalani was overthrown in a coup led by a group of American and European businessmen. This event led to the establishment of a provisional government and ultimately the annexation of Hawaiʻi by the United States in 1898. Liliʻuokalani spent her later years advocating for the rights of Native Hawaiians.