Lichenology is the scientific study of lichens, which are unique organisms formed from a symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria. These fascinating life forms can be found in various environments, from rocky surfaces to tree bark, and play essential roles in ecosystems, such as soil formation and nutrient cycling. Researchers in lichenology examine the diversity, ecology, and taxonomy of lichens. They also study their uses in medicine, environmental monitoring, and as indicators of air quality. Understanding lichens helps scientists assess ecosystem health and the impacts of climate change on biodiversity.