Leptospira is a genus of bacteria known for its spiral shape and unique structure. These bacteria are commonly found in water and soil, often associated with animal urine, particularly from rodents and livestock. They can cause a disease called leptospirosis in humans and animals, which can lead to serious health issues if not treated. Leptospira bacteria are highly adaptable and can survive in various environments. Infection typically occurs through direct contact with contaminated water or soil. Symptoms of leptospirosis can range from mild flu-like signs to severe illness, making early diagnosis and treatment crucial for recovery.