The legal system of Iran is based on Islamic law, or Sharia, which is derived from the Quran and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. The system combines civil law and Islamic principles, with the Supreme Leader holding significant authority over legal interpretations. Courts are divided into general and specialized branches, including Islamic Revolutionary Courts that handle political and security cases. Judges in Iran are appointed by the Head of the Judiciary, who is selected by the Supreme Leader. The legal process emphasizes mediation and reconciliation, but it also includes strict penalties for certain offenses, reflecting the country's commitment to Islamic values and social order.