The Latvian state is a sovereign nation located in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It gained independence from the Soviet Union on August 21, 1991, and is a member of the European Union and NATO. The capital city is Riga, known for its rich history and vibrant culture. Latvia has a population of approximately 1.9 million people and is characterized by its diverse landscapes, including forests, lakes, and a long coastline along the Baltic Sea. The official language is Latvian, and the country has a strong emphasis on preserving its cultural heritage and traditions.