Latvian politics operates within a parliamentary republic framework, where the Saima (parliament) is the central legislative body. The country has a multi-party system, with several political parties representing various ideologies. The President serves as the head of state, while the Prime Minister leads the government, overseeing the executive branch. Elections in Latvia are held every four years, allowing citizens to vote for their representatives. Key issues in Latvian politics include economic development, national security, and social integration, particularly concerning the large Russian-speaking population. Latvia is also a member of the European Union and NATO, influencing its foreign policy and defense strategies.