Lao history dates back thousands of years, with early civilizations emerging along the banks of the Mekong River. The region was influenced by various cultures, including the Khmer Empire and Sukhothai Kingdom. In the 14th century, the Lan Xang Kingdom was established, becoming a significant power in Southeast Asia. Colonized by the French in the late 19th century, Laos became part of French Indochina. After World War II, Laos gained independence in 1953 but faced internal conflict. The Laotian Civil War led to the establishment of the Lao People's Democratic Republic in 1975, marking the beginning of communist rule.