Langerhans islets are small clusters of cells located in the pancreas. They play a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by producing hormones, primarily insulin and glucagon. These hormones help control how the body uses and stores glucose, which is essential for energy. The islets consist of different types of cells, including alpha cells that produce glucagon and beta cells that produce insulin. When blood sugar levels rise, insulin is released to lower them, while glucagon is released when levels drop to raise them. This balance is vital for maintaining overall health.