Landing distance refers to the total distance an aircraft travels from the point it touches down on the runway until it comes to a complete stop. This distance is influenced by various factors, including the aircraft's weight, speed at touchdown, runway conditions, and weather conditions such as wind and rain. Pilots and air traffic controllers use landing distance calculations to ensure that a runway is long enough for safe landings. Each aircraft, like the Boeing 737 or Airbus A320, has specific landing distance requirements that must be considered during flight planning and operations.