Landgrave Frederick II of Hesse-Cassel (1720-1785) was a German nobleman who ruled the Landgraviate of Hesse-Cassel from 1760 until his death. He was known for his significant contributions to the economy and military of his territory, as well as for his support of the arts and education. Frederick II was a member of the House of Hesse, a prominent German dynasty. Frederick II played a notable role during the Seven Years' War, aligning with Britain and providing troops for the British army. His reign was marked by efforts to modernize his state, including reforms in administration and infrastructure, which helped improve the quality of life for his subjects.