The Lady Penrhyn was a British ship launched in 1787, primarily known for its role in the first fleet that transported convicts to Australia. It was a merchant vessel, originally built for trade, but it became significant in the history of Australian colonization. The ship carried 100 female convicts from England to the new penal colony in New South Wales. After its voyage to Australia, the Lady Penrhyn continued to serve in various capacities, including transporting goods and passengers. The ship's journey marked an important moment in the establishment of the British presence in Australia, contributing to the early development of the colony and its society.