The Kuznets Curve is an economic theory that illustrates the relationship between income inequality and economic development. It suggests that as a country develops, income inequality initially increases, reaching a peak before it begins to decline. This pattern is often represented graphically as an inverted U-shape. The concept was introduced by economist Simon Kuznets in the 1950s. He argued that in the early stages of industrialization, wealth tends to concentrate among a small group, but as development progresses, social and political changes lead to more equitable income distribution.