Economic growth refers to the increase in the production of goods and services in an economy over a specific period. It is often measured by the rise in Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which reflects the overall economic performance and health of a country. Factors contributing to economic growth include investment, technological advancements, and increased consumer spending. Sustained economic growth can lead to improved living standards, job creation, and increased government revenues. However, it can also result in challenges such as income inequality and environmental degradation. Balancing growth with sustainability is crucial for long-term prosperity.