Kriging is a statistical method used for spatial interpolation, which estimates unknown values at specific locations based on known data points. It is widely applied in fields like geology, mining, and environmental science to create predictive models of spatial phenomena. The technique considers both the distance and the degree of variation between known data points to provide more accurate predictions. The method is named after the South African mining engineer Danie Krige, who developed it in the 1950s. Kriging not only provides estimates but also quantifies the uncertainty of those estimates, making it a valuable tool for decision-making in various scientific and engineering applications.