Kometen, or comets, are celestial objects made of ice, dust, and rocky material. They originate from the outer regions of the solar system, particularly from areas like the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud. When a comet approaches the Sun, the heat causes its ice to vaporize, creating a glowing coma and often a tail that points away from the Sun. Comets are categorized into two main types: short-period comets, which take less than 200 years to orbit the Sun, and long-period comets, which have orbits lasting thousands of years. Famous comets include Halley's Comet, which is visible from Earth approximately every 76 years.