Klaus von Klitzing is a German physicist known for his groundbreaking work in the field of condensed matter physics. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1985 for his discovery of the quantized Hall effect, which occurs in two-dimensional electron systems subjected to low temperatures and strong magnetic fields. This phenomenon has significant implications for understanding electronic properties in materials. Born on June 28, 1943, in Schweinfurt, Germany, von Klitzing has contributed to various areas of physics and has held academic positions at several institutions. His research has influenced the development of precise electrical measurements and has applications in metrology, particularly in defining the ohm and other electrical units.