The Kingitanga, or the Māori King Movement, began in the 1850s in New Zealand. It was established to unify Māori tribes and provide a single leadership to represent their interests, particularly in response to land loss and colonial pressures. The movement aimed to strengthen Māori identity and culture while promoting self-governance. The first Māori king was Potatau Te Wherowhero, crowned in 1858. The Kingitanga continues to play a significant role in Māori politics and culture today, with the current king being Tūheitia Paki. The movement symbolizes the ongoing struggle for Māori rights and recognition within New Zealand society.