The Kingdom of Libya was a sovereign state in North Africa that existed from 1951 until 1969. It was established after gaining independence from Italy and was the first country in Africa to achieve independence post-World War II. The kingdom was ruled by King Idris I, who focused on modernization and development, particularly in education and infrastructure. In 1969, the Kingdom of Libya was overthrown in a military coup led by Muammar Gaddafi. This marked the end of the monarchy and the beginning of a new era of governance, which transformed Libya into a republic. The country has since experienced significant political and social changes.