Kingdom of Granada
The Kingdom of Granada was the last Muslim stronghold in the Iberian Peninsula, existing from 1238 until 1492. It was established after the Reconquista, a series of campaigns by Christian kingdoms to reclaim territory from Muslim rule. The kingdom was known for its rich culture, architecture, and advancements in science and philosophy.
In 1492, the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, completed the Reconquista by capturing Granada. This event marked the end of Muslim rule in Spain and led to significant changes in the region, including the expulsion of many Muslims and Jews, and the establishment of a unified Spanish kingdom.