The Kingdom of Bosnia was a medieval state located in the western part of the Balkans, existing from the 12th to the 15th century. It emerged as a significant political entity under the rule of the Kotromanić dynasty, particularly during the reign of Tvrtko I, who expanded its territory and influence. The kingdom was known for its diverse population, including Bosniaks, Serbs, and Croats. It played a crucial role in the region's history, especially during the Ottoman Empire expansion. The kingdom ultimately fell to the Ottomans in 1463, marking the end of its independence.