The Kingdom of Aragon was a medieval kingdom located in the northeastern part of the Iberian Peninsula. It emerged in the 11th century and became a significant political and cultural entity in the region. The kingdom expanded its territory through conquests and alliances, eventually incorporating parts of modern-day Spain and France. Aragon played a crucial role in the formation of the Crown of Aragon, which united several territories under a single monarchy. The kingdom was known for its unique legal system and vibrant culture, contributing to the development of Catalan language and literature. It eventually merged with the Kingdom of Castile in the 15th century, forming a unified Spain.