King Philip V of Spain was the first monarch of the House of Bourbon, reigning from 1700 to 1724 and then again from 1724 to 1746. He ascended to the throne after the War of the Spanish Succession, which was fought over his claim to the Spanish crown. His reign marked significant changes in Spanish governance and culture, including the introduction of French customs and reforms. Philip V implemented various administrative reforms to centralize power and improve the efficiency of the government. He also faced challenges, such as the War of the Austrian Succession, which affected Spain's territorial holdings. His legacy includes the establishment of a more modern state and the promotion of arts and sciences in Spain.