King Mongkut, also known as Rama IV, was the King of Siam from 1851 to 1868. He is best known for his efforts to modernize the country and for his role in promoting education and science. Mongkut was a highly educated monarch who had studied in a monastery, which influenced his progressive views. During his reign, King Mongkut established diplomatic relations with Western countries and implemented reforms in various sectors, including the military and agriculture. His efforts laid the groundwork for the modernization of Thailand, making him a significant figure in the country's history.