King Louis XIV of France, also known as the Sun King, reigned from 1643 to 1715. He is famous for centralizing power in the monarchy and establishing a strong, absolute rule. His reign is marked by the construction of the magnificent Palace of Versailles, which became a symbol of royal authority and luxury. Louis XIV's policies and wars expanded France's influence in Europe but also led to significant financial strain. He promoted the arts and culture, making France a center of European culture during his time. His legacy includes both the grandeur of his court and the challenges faced by his successors.