Kermes is a type of dye made from the dried bodies of female scale insects, specifically those from the genus Kermes. These insects are typically found on oak trees in Mediterranean regions. Historically, kermes dye was highly valued for its rich red color and was used in textiles and art. The process of obtaining kermes dye involves collecting the insects, drying them, and then grinding them into a powder. This powder can be mixed with water or other substances to create a dye solution. Kermes was widely used before the introduction of synthetic dyes and remains significant in the study of natural dyes.