Kanem-Bornu was a historical empire located in present-day Chad and Nigeria. It emerged around the 9th century and became a significant center for trade, culture, and Islamic scholarship. The empire was known for its wealth, largely due to its control over trade routes that connected North Africa to sub-Saharan regions. The empire reached its peak during the 16th century under the leadership of Mai Idris Alooma. It was characterized by a strong military, advanced governance, and a flourishing economy based on trade in goods like salt, gold, and slaves. The influence of Islam played a crucial role in shaping its culture and society.