Kamehameha V, born as William Charles Lunalilo, was the last reigning monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii from 1863 to 1872. He was the grandson of Kamehameha I, the founder of the Hawaiian Kingdom, and he worked to preserve Hawaiian culture and traditions during his reign. Kamehameha V was known for his efforts to modernize the kingdom and improve its infrastructure. During his rule, Kamehameha V faced challenges such as foreign influence and internal political strife. He was a strong advocate for Hawaiian sovereignty and sought to strengthen the monarchy. After his death in 1872, he was succeeded by Lunalilo, who was elected as the first elected king of Hawaii.