Kalakaua was the last reigning king of the Hawaiian Kingdom, serving from 1874 until his death in 1891. He is often referred to as the "Merrie Monarch" due to his love for music and hula. His reign was marked by efforts to restore the power of the monarchy and promote Hawaiian culture, including the establishment of the Hula as a respected art form. During his rule, Kalakaua traveled extensively, visiting the United States and Europe to strengthen diplomatic ties. He also worked to modernize Hawaii's infrastructure and economy. His legacy continues to influence Hawaiian culture and identity today, with the annual Merrie Monarch Festival celebrating hula and Hawaiian traditions in his honor.