The Köppen climate classification system is a method used to categorize the world's climates based on temperature and precipitation patterns. Developed by the German climatologist Wladimir Köppen, this system divides climates into five main groups, each represented by a letter. These groups help scientists and researchers understand the climate characteristics of different regions, such as tropical, dry, temperate, continental, and polar climates. Each climate group is further divided into subcategories that provide more specific information about local weather conditions. For example, a tropical climate may be classified as humid or monsoon, while a dry climate can be arid or semi-arid. This classification system is essential for studying climate change, agriculture, and biodiversity across the globe.