Carl Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. He introduced concepts such as the collective unconscious, which suggests that all humans share a set of memories and ideas. Jung also emphasized the importance of archetypes, universal symbols that shape human experiences and behaviors. Jung's work focused on the individual's journey toward self-discovery and personal growth, a process he called individuation. He believed that understanding one's unconscious mind could lead to greater self-awareness and fulfillment. His ideas have influenced various fields, including psychology, literature, and art.