Juan de Oñate
Juan de Oñate was a Spanish explorer and conquistador born in 1550. He is best known for leading the first large-scale colonization of the area that is now the southwestern United States, particularly in present-day New Mexico. Oñate established the first permanent Spanish settlement in the region in 1598 and served as its governor.
Oñate's expedition was marked by both exploration and conflict with Indigenous peoples. His actions, including the harsh treatment of the Pueblo tribes, have led to a controversial legacy. In 1606, he was recalled to Spain and faced charges for his conduct during his governorship.