Joseph Jacotot was a French educator and philosopher born in 1770. He is best known for developing the concept of "universal teaching," which emphasizes that anyone can learn anything if they are motivated and have the right resources. His ideas challenged traditional educational methods and promoted self-directed learning. Jacotot's most notable work, "Enseigner, c'est apprendre à faire apprendre," introduced the idea that teaching should focus on helping students discover knowledge independently. His approach influenced later educational theories and practices, including those of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Maria Montessori, who also advocated for learner-centered education.