José de Cadalso was an 18th-century Spanish writer and military officer, born in 1741 in Madrid. He is best known for his contributions to Spanish literature, particularly his works that reflect the Enlightenment ideals of reason and progress. Cadalso's most famous work, "Los eruditos a la violeta," critiques the superficiality of contemporary intellectuals. In addition to his literary achievements, Cadalso was also involved in military service, participating in the Spanish War of Independence against Great Britain. His experiences in the military influenced his writings, which often explored themes of identity, culture, and the human condition. Cadalso died in 1789, leaving a lasting impact on Spanish literature.