José Enrique Rodó was a Uruguayan writer and philosopher, born on July 15, 1871, in Montevideo. He is best known for his essay "Ariel," published in 1900, which emphasizes the importance of idealism and the spiritual over materialism. Rodó's work reflects his concerns about the cultural and moral direction of Latin America during his time. In addition to his literary contributions, Rodó was an influential figure in the Modernismo movement, which sought to promote a new cultural identity in Latin America. He also served as a diplomat and educator, advocating for social and political reforms in his country and beyond.